Journal: Cancers

Article Title: The Impact of Neurophysiological Monitoring during Intradural Spinal Tumor Surgery

doi: 10.3390/cancers16122192

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic view of the stimulation and recording points during intraoperative neuromonitoring for spinal cord tumors. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs): Transcranial electrical stimulation of the primary motor cortex (using trains of stimulations delivered with corkscrew electrodes at C1 and C2 according to the international 10–20 EEG system) with muscular recordings (numbers and location of the muscles pairs depend on tumor location). D-Wave: Transcranial electrical stimulation of the primary motor cortex with epidural recording caudal to the operation site. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs): Direct electrical stimulation of a peripheral nerve and cortical recordings of the primary somatosensory cortex (recorded at P3/P4 or C’z for upper and lower limbs, respectively).

Article Snippet: These were recorded using equipment from Micromed (Mâcon, France) employing peripheral electrical stimulation (median and tibial nerve) and staged recording by Ag–AgCl surface electrodes to assess conduction from the peripheral nerve through the dorsal column to the sensory cortex [ ].

Techniques: Muscles